绿色大胆人体艺术

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      Home >> News >>新聞動態 >> 一文看懂力學試驗中各種強度的常用術語
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      一文看懂力學試驗中各種強度的常用術語

          在使用材料試驗機進行材料試驗時,我們常常會接觸到材料相關力學性能的名詞術語。這時候相信有很多人感到毫無頭緒,查找資料又覺得比較麻煩。有鑒于此,小編對當使用材料試驗機使材料受外力時表現出來的各種力學性能的各種強度術語整理如下:

      1.抗彎強度(bending strength)

          抗彎強度是指材料抵抗弯曲不断裂的能力,主要用于考察陶瓷等脆性材料的强度。一般采万能试验机用三点抗弯测试或四点测试方法评测。其中四点测试要两个加载力,比较复杂;三点测试最常用。其值与承受的最大压力成正比。抗彎強度又称挠曲强度或弯曲强度,在试件的两支点之间施加载荷,至试件破坏时的单位面积载荷值。

      2.平滑度(smoothness of paper)

          在一定真空度下,使一定容積的空氣量在一定壓力下通過試樣表面和玻璃面之間的間隙所需的時間,常以S表示。

      3.壓縮強度或抗壓強度(compressive strength)

          使用萬能試驗機在試件上施加壓縮載荷,至試件破壞時的單位面積載荷值。

      4.硬度(hardness)

          材料抵抗其它硬物壓入引起凹陷變形的能力。常用的硬度單位有布氏硬度(HBBHN),維氏硬度(HvVHN),洛氏硬度(HRAHRCRHN)奴氏硬度(HKKHN),他們都是硬度計常用的硬度單位。

      材料的表面硬度是其強度、比例極限、韌性、延展性及抗磨損、抗切割能力等多種性質綜合作用的結果。

      5.沖擊強度(impact strength)

          材料在沖擊試驗機沖擊力作用下折斷所需的能量。

          1) 沖擊強度用于评价材料的抗冲击能力或判断材料的脆性和韧性程度,因此沖擊強度也称冲击韧性。

          2) 沖擊強度是试样在冲击破坏过程中所吸收的能量与原始横截面积之比。

          3) 沖擊強度根据试验设备不同可分为简支梁沖擊強度、悬臂梁沖擊強度.

      6.蠕變強度(creep strength)

          蠕變試驗中在規定穩定溫度下,使用萬能試驗機所引起在一定時間內規定應變的應力。

      7.屈服強度(Yield strength

            當試驗機使金屬材料呈現屈服現象是,在試驗期間達到塑性變形發生而力不增加的應力點。

          [美標]該應力根據以下情況區分:a.特殊的線性應力-應變關系的偏離點。b.達到特定的總延伸。c.在不連續屈服階段測量的最大或最小工程應力。

          下屈服強度(lower Yield strength

          在屈服期間,不計初始瞬時效應時的最低應力值

          [美標]忽略瞬時效應的不連續屈服階段記錄的最小應力值。

          上屈服強度(upper Yield strength

           試樣發生屈服而力首次下降前的最高應力值。

      8.耐破度(bursting strength

          耐破度:(KPA)是紙和紙在單位面積上所能承受的均勻增加的最大壓力。

      9.耐折度(folding endurancefolding strength)

          耐折度是指標准寬度的試樣,在一定條件下進行往複折疊至斷裂所需的雙折疊次數的對數(以10爲底)。

      10. 抗拉強度或抗張強度(tensile strength)

          材料所能承受的最大的工程拉伸應力。

          注:通過拉伸試驗到斷裂過程中的最大試驗力和試樣原始橫截面積之間的比值來計算。

      11.斷裂強度

          斷裂強度(breaking strength),是指材料發生斷裂的應力

      12.剝離強度

          剝離強度(peel strength):單位寬度薄膜從玻璃表面成90度或180度剝離時所需要的力,單位爲克每英寸。它反應粘膠的粘結強度。需要注意的是,當安全膜的厚度達到8mil及以上,剝離強度反而变小,其实这是因为由于膜的厚度增加,无法实现90180度的角度而造成測量條件的不一致。

          其實,它們的理論值都應是>3200g/inch

        虽然小編所遇到的力學性能的名詞術語可能遠遠不夠完整,可能像這樣的力學性能的名詞術語還有比較多。而且在材料試驗機進行試驗的過程中,常碰到一些陌生的名詞術語,不管還有多少,希望以上這些術語對你有所幫助!其他的名詞術語你們也可以一樣的進行總結。但如果非專門從事這方面技術研究工作和使用材料試驗機的人員,就不必花費太多時間去搜集這方面的資料。

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      [Pg 73] They had a walk of several hours, and on their return to the hotel were quite weary enough to rest awhile. Frank and Fred had a whispered conversation while the Doctor was talking with an old acquaintance; and as soon as he was at liberty they told him what they had been conversing about. We leave the green fields far below; "One day a favorite lady of the emperor's palace persuaded the emperor to give the signal, to see how long it would take for the generals and the army to get to Pekin. He gave the signal, and the army came, but the generals were very angry when they found they had been called together just to amuse a woman. They went back to their homes, and the affair was supposed to be forgotten. Even in the character of the goods there was eloquence, and not a drollery in the scene, not even an ugliness, but was touched, was rife, with the woe of a war whose burning walls were falling in on us. And outward, too, upon others; a few up-ended cottonbales leaned against each other ragged and idle, while women and babes starved for want of them in far-away Lancaster. He was within easy range and was still trotting nearer. I snatched up my carbine, aimed, and then recovered, looking sharply to my left as if restrained by the command of some one behind the canes. The Federal's cool daring filled me with admiration. Had the foes he was looking for been actually in hiding here they could have picked him out of his saddle like a bird off a bush. His only chance was that they would not let themselves be teased into firing prematurely on any one man or six. Ferry beckoned me. I mounted and trotted down the woods side of the fence, at the same time the Federal's six men approached from three directions, and down the road the main column entered upon the scene. "She told us about it. And you needn't look so disturbed; she only praised you." "Part with it? Oh, not for the world beside!" XXXIX CHARLOTTE SINGS THE COMING OF THE CLOCKWORK MAN Rose considered. "That's not as good as making runs though." Bruce shut his teeth tightly and nodded. Still, in Prout's evidence he seemed to hear the voice of his judge passing sentence. But the Countess did not heed. Absolutely worn out in mind and body she had fainted. The woman's eyes flashed again. All this was taking time. Balmayne would wonder what had happened to her. From the bottom of her heart she was praying that he might come up and see. Not that there was much real hope of that--physical courage was not one of Louis Balmayne's strong points. In the use of hydraulic apparatus for transmitting and applying power, there is, however, this difficulty to be contended with: water is inelastic, and for the performance of irregular duty, there is a loss of power equal to the difference between the duty that a piston may perform and what it does perform; that is, the amount of water, and consequently the amount of power given off, is as the movement and volume of the water, instead of as the work done. The application of hydraulic machinery to the lifting and handling of weights will be further noticed in another place. At seven o'clock in the morning I was taken to the commanding officer, and was glad to see him again. He jumped up immediately and came to me with a charming smile, when I pointed to my escort and explained that I was a prisoner. "1. Commit a punishable offence mentioned in Clause 90 of the German Penal Code. They yelled and shouted and said that Bilsen and the whole district must be burned down, that the major was far too kind, that they were cowardly soldiers who hid themselves in houses and dared not fight an honest fight in the open, that civilians189 had also been shooting, and so on. I pointed out that the firing did not come from the house, but from the shrubbery near the house; that nobody could have seen a civilian shooting. As they insisted, I said with a laugh that they had seen ghosts. That excited them so, that they came on to me in a rage, and asked whether this was a laughing matter? And they would surely have used violence had not the sergeant intervened. The same, in self-same place, and by itself III. Here, as elsewhere, we shall employ the genetic method of investigation. Aristotle’s writings do not, indeed, present that gradual development of ideas which makes the Platonic Dialogues so interesting. Still they exhibit traces of such a development, and the most important among them seems to have been compiled from notes taken by the philosopher before his conclusions were definitely reasoned out, or worked up into a consistent whole. It is this fragmentary collection which, from having been placed by some unknown editor after the Physics, has received a name still associated with every kind of speculation that cannot be tested by a direct or indirect appeal to the evidence of external sense. IV. Holy Dêmêter’s fruit it gave them; the sweet spring Dear Daddy-Long-Legs, out from Bonnyrigg Four Corners. Amasai stayed up all night to I hope you appreciate the fact that this is a long letter from High on a hill, one with the rock, are built the temples, up to which is a flight of steps hewn in the stone itself. At every stage, or nearly, are little shrines with images of Ganesa, the elephant-headed god, or of Ananta, the sacred serpent, decked with flowers, the mindi flower, which has[Pg 108] a strong scent of pepper. In some places the whole temple, as vast as a cathedral, is hewn out of the hillside; the columns in elaborate and intricate patterns, the niches and altars wrought with inconceivable toil and patience, not a scrap added or stuck on. In the dim distance is a huge red statue of Siva, wreathed with flowers. CAWNPORE AT SEA The lines are as follows, and refer to a chateau then being built by Louis for the Marquise de [6] Pompadour, whose original name was Jeanne Antoinette Poisson: “I wonder who’s in it?” Dick mused as Jeff cut the gun and went into a glide, the better to get a look at the oncoming craft low over the seashore. Their own airplane had been headed south, down the coast. To their left, as they sped on, the lighthouse poked its tower out of the drifting, dispelling fog. The drone of an incoming airplane took them racing to the landing spot where Jeff came down to report that he had taken the unconscious seaplane pilot to a hospital where it was declared that he had a bad blow on his temple and might not recover his mental clearness for many days. The only reason Jeff would swing toward the water and give up working with the stick must be that the stick would not operate the elevators. “That wire, being twined around the other, makes me think it was added—after the first one was put in,” he declared. He watched her as she went out of the tent, and the surgeon and steward worked with the shining little instruments. 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Take him, I say!" elevating his voice—"seize the villein, and drag him back to his bondage! What! not a finger, after all the trouble you have taken?—then, away with you alone!—away!" And Calverley, from the mere instinct of obedience to a superior power, moved towards the door. "And if ever," continued the smith, "you are found hunting in this forest again for bondmen, as you call them, we may chance to give you a lodging where you will have little reason to complain that the sun shines too brightly!"
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